Lean construction practices have had us curious here at Conspectus for a while now.  There are so many cool terms and intriguing graphics that are incredibly synonymous to how we view the process in which we manage decisions through specifications. In..

While reading the AIA recently released "Firm Survey Report 2020[i]" and the November "Architecture Billing Index[ii]" (ABI), there were two corollary findings. First, the Firm Survey reported a decrease in profitability for 2019. The ABI reported the..

Short Answer: PPDs document the architect's intended project quality.